Take a look at this page and see if it helps. Quick summary:

• Noun - person, place, or thing (sword, dragon, hero)
• Verb - action or state (run, go, hide, be)
• Adjective - describes a noun (red, young, brave)
• Adverb - describes a verb (bravely, quickly, really, in the dragon language adjectives and adverbs are usually the same word)

That's a little indirect in my opinion...well I guess not but I'll give an example (note:English is​ my second language)

Noun: The chair is next to the table.

Verb: He went for a run.

Adjective: She had a red car

Adverb: I slowly​ walked to my house